Introduction:
Due to the heavy traffic in the road many people are suffering. Even though there is traffic signal available at various places it is not easy to control the crowd. In order to avoid traffic problem heavily on the road, we designed and developed a system so called as density based traffic light control system.
Due to the heavy traffic in the road many people are suffering. Even though there is traffic signal available at various places it is not easy to control the crowd. In order to avoid traffic problem heavily on the road, we designed and developed a system so called as density based traffic light control system.
LED
LED stands for light emitting diode. It’s operating voltage is around 3-4V. In our project LED is used as traffic light, so we have used red, green and yellow LED.
IR Transmitter:
Symbol and operation of IR transmitter is very similar to ordinary LED
IR transmitter generates infrared. IR transmitter is made up of Gallium arsenide.
Symbol and operation of IR transmitter is very similar to ordinary LED
IR transmitter generates infrared. IR transmitter is made up of Gallium arsenide.
If we pass the current to gallium arsenide it produces IR rays. Current applied to the sensor is directly proportional to the rays emitted
Though IR transmitter can withstand up to 35mA, we have used 5mA due to shortest distance. If the distance is more we have to increase the current flow to the transmitter .
IR Receiver:
This circuit is mainly used in counting application, Since IR can be used only during proper alignment position
This circuit is mainly used in counting application, Since IR can be used only during proper alignment position
IR receiver is having reverse characteristics of the IR transmitter. IR Receiver will conduct as long as the rays falls on it.
When a car passes between the IR transmitter and IR receiver, the IR light is blocked and as the result the resistance of the photodiode increases. This change in resistance can be converted to electrical pulses, used to control the traffic lights.
This system works in two modes
NORMAL MODE:
In this mode of operation green , yellow and red lights change after a fixed time period like a typical traffic signal. Here ,light from IR transmitter LED reach IR receiver without any interruption. IR sensor senses amount of cars passing through the road . we can observe the voltage of IR sensor. When light from IR transmitter does not interrupted by vehicles ,value of voltage is low (about 800) .When voltage value is below 800,this mode is operated .
In this mode of operation green , yellow and red lights change after a fixed time period like a typical traffic signal. Here ,light from IR transmitter LED reach IR receiver without any interruption. IR sensor senses amount of cars passing through the road . we can observe the voltage of IR sensor. When light from IR transmitter does not interrupted by vehicles ,value of voltage is low (about 800) .When voltage value is below 800,this mode is operated .
DENSITY MODE:
When amount of cars increases , light of IR transmitter intersect by cars to reach the receiver .Then the voltage of IR sensor increases (about above 850) .When voltage is below threshold value , normal mode is on; but above threshold values then the red signal becomes automatically green.
When amount of cars increases , light of IR transmitter intersect by cars to reach the receiver .Then the voltage of IR sensor increases (about above 850) .When voltage is below threshold value , normal mode is on; but above threshold values then the red signal becomes automatically green.
Advantages:
+ Avoids wastage of time due to the traffic
+ Avoids wastage of time due to the traffic
+ Fully automatic
+ Low power consumption
+ It provides the easy access in the traffic light
+ Low cost to design the circuit, maintenance of the circuit is good
+Easy convenience to handle.
Limitations:
IR sensors sometimes may absorb normal light also. As a result, traffic system works in improper way.
IR sensors sometimes may absorb normal light also. As a result, traffic system works in improper way.
IR sensors work only for fewer distances and sometimes tend to interrupt each other
APPLICATIONS:
The project is mainly used in the traffic signals in metropolitan cities to provide uniform distribution of traffic.
The project is mainly used in the traffic signals in metropolitan cities to provide uniform distribution of traffic.
Conclusion:
The project may be very well used in where the traffic signals is kept and in many other places where we need to full fill the need of the automation. In this project we have studied the optimization of traffic light controller in a City using IR sensors and Atmega 328. By using this system configuration we tries to reduce the possibilities of traffic jams, caused by traffic lights, to an extent and we have successfully gets the results.
The project may be very well used in where the traffic signals is kept and in many other places where we need to full fill the need of the automation. In this project we have studied the optimization of traffic light controller in a City using IR sensors and Atmega 328. By using this system configuration we tries to reduce the possibilities of traffic jams, caused by traffic lights, to an extent and we have successfully gets the results.
Future Work:
We will implement this system for traffic controlling in a 4 lane junction.
We will implement this system for traffic controlling in a 4 lane junction.
We will update this system with when a pedestrian try to cross the road during green signal it will turn on an alarm and warn the pedestrian and traffic police.
We will update this system with when a vehicle try to move even during red signal it will turn on an alarm to warn the driver of the vehicle and the traffic
CODE
Send me email on theyoungengineerzz@gmail.com
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abiola.johnson@outlook.com
theyoungengineerzz@gmail.com
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2 comments
Click here for commentsGoo day brother,
ReplyI love what you are doing, please keep it up!
May I please ask if you have handled a project that can prolong the lifespan of inverter's battery?
Your response will be highly appreciated.
Regards
Not entirely but I can design a device that can prolonged inverter battery life span
Reply