A transformer makes use of Faraday's law and the ferromagnetic properties of an iron core to efficiently raise or lower AC voltages. It of course cannot increase power so that if the voltage is raised, the current is proportionally lowered and vice versa.
Transformers can increase or decrease any AC voltage.
Steps:
1. Obtain a sewing thimble made from plastic.
2. Place a small hole near the core, and put the end of some thin wire through it.
3. Wind required number of turns evenly.
5. Put some insulation tape over the windings.
6. For a step down transformer, repeat steps 2 to 5 using thicker wire.
7. Put an iron or ferrite core through the middle if required (best if the ends of the core can be connected using the same core material on the outside of the windings).
Tips
- Turns ratio (primary to secondary) equals voltage ratio (primary to secondary).
- Very high frequencies (30MHz and above) require an air core.
- High frequencies (up to about 30MHz) require a ferrite core.
- Low frequency (audio) requires an iron core.
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